Explain the definition “critical engine”.
Explain the definition “critical engine”.
The critical engine of a multi-engine, fixed-wing propeller-driven aircraft is the one whose failure would result in the most adverse effects on the aircraft's handling and performance.
Due to the asymmetric blade effect (P-factor), the right-hand engine typically develops its resultant thrust vector at a greater lateral distance from the aircraft's C.G. than the left-hand engine.
The failure of the left-hand engine will result in a larger yaw effect via the operating right-hand engine, rather than vice-versa, and it is termed the Critical Engine. Since the operating right-hand engine produces a stronger yaw moment, the pilot will need to use larger control deflections in order to maintain aircraft control. Thus, the failure of the critical (left-hand) engine is less desirable than failure of the right-hand engine.
The operating right-hand engine will produce a more severe yaw towards the dead engine, thus making the failure of the left-hand engine critical.
How would you explain to your neighbour what the difference is between a precision and a non-precision approach?
How would you explain to your neighbour what the difference is between a precision and a non-precision approach?
A precision approach uses both lateral (from left to right) and vertical guidance. A non-precision approach only uses lateral guidance.
Does the N1 compressor produce thrust?
Does the N1 compressor produce thrust?
Yes, with the modern high bypass turbofans the N1 compressor works as a huge propeller, it takes a big mass of air and gives it a relative small acceleration.
Around 70% of the air will bypass the core of the engine, only 30% of air will be compressed further and will eventually go through the combustion chamber.
Why don’t you use carburetor heat on the ground for long periods?
Why don’t you use carburetor heat on the ground for long periods?
Battery power to the starter motors.
What setting would you set the trim to for long range cruise?
What setting would you set the trim to for long range cruise?
Nose up
What is tire creep, and is it important?
What is tire creep, and is it important?
Tire creep is the tendency of the tire to rotate slowly around the wheel hub as a result of a millisecond landing friction on the tire before wheel spin occurs.
Yes, it is important because if there is too much creep the tire can tear out the inflation valve and cause the tire to burst.
Why do you need contingency fuel?
Why do you need contingency fuel?
Contingency fuel is carried to account for additional enroute fuel consumption caused by wind, routing changes or ATM: ATM/CNS restrictions.
What performance category was your last aircraft? How are airplanes classified?
What performance category was your last aircraft? How are airplanes classified?
Note: this question was asked to a candidate with previous Seneca experience, make sure to be able to answer this question for your previous aircraft type.
Seneca is class A.
Aircraft are classified according to their Vat.
How can you calculate the range of a VOR?
How can you calculate the range of a VOR?
By using the formula: Range (nm) = 1.23(√H1 + √H2)
H1=height of transmitter (feet)
H2=height of receiver (feet)
If you are outside the range of any VOR’s/NDB's, how does the aircraft know where it is?
If you are outside the range of any VOR’s/NDB's, how does the aircraft know where it is?
Via INS/IRS/GPS